Fasteners
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Specifications |
Fasteners Types
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Bolt, Nut, Screw, Washers, Rings
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Application
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Fasteners can be used in racing industries such as racing motorcycles and cars, sailing boats and medical equipment, etc.
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Size
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M5-M50
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Grades |
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Stainless Steel
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ASTM / ASME 201, 202, 301, 304, 304L, 310, 310S, 316L, 316TI, 317, 317L, 321, 347, 409, 409M, 409L, 410, 410S, 420, 430, 431, 441, 444, 446, 17.4PH, 904L
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Super Duplex Steel
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S32750
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Duplex Steel
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ASTM / ASME SA 790 UNS NO S 31803 , S 32205 , S 32550 , S 32750 , S 32760.
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Carbon Steel
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ASTM / ASME A 335 GRP 1 , P 5 , P 9 , P 11 , P 12 , P 22 , P 23 , P 91
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Alloys Steel
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ASTM / ASME A 691 GRP1 CR , 1 1/4 CR , 2 1/4 CR , 5 CR , 9CR , 91.
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Nickel Alloys
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Nickel Alloys 200, Nickel Alloys 201
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Titanium
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Grade 1, Grade 4, Grade 5(Ti 6Al-4V), Grade 6(Ti 5Al-2.5Sn), Grade 7, Grade 11, Grade 12, 8Ai-1Mo-1V, Grade 9(3Al-2.5V), 6Al-6V-25n, 6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, 6Al-7Nb, Grade 23(Ti 6AL-4V ELI), Grade 5 ELI
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Inconel
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Inconel 600, Inconel 601, Inconel 625, Inconel 625LCF, Inconel 686, Inconel 718, Inconel 800, Inconel 825, Inconel X-750 , Inconel 690, Inconel 602, Inconel 617, Inconel 925, Inconel A-289, Inconel AL-6XN, AL-904L
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Hastelloy
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Hastelloy C-22, Hastelloy C-276, Hastelloy C-2000, Hastelloy C-4, Hastelloy X, Hastelloy B, Hastelloy N, Hastelloy G
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Molybdenum |
ASTM / ASME A 182 GR F 5, F 9 , F 11 , F 12 , F 22 , F 91, ASTM B387, Ferro Molybdenum
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Cobalt
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Cobalt HS-6, Cobalt HS-4, Cobalt HS-25, Sterlite Grade 1, Sterlite Grade 6, Sterlite Grade 12, Sterlite Grade 21
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Niobium
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ASTM B394, R04200 R04210
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Nimonic
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Nimonic75, Nimonic80, Nimonic85, Nimonic90, Nimonic263, etc
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Tungsten
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W1 WAl1, W61, etc, Carbonide Tungsten, Copper Tungsten, Nickel Tungsten
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Nichrome
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Nichrome90, Nichrome80, Nichrome80A, Nichrome RW80, Nichrome75, etc
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Magnesium
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Magnesium AL017100, AL017140, AL017150, AL017160, AL017200, AL017210, AL017250, etc.
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Tantalum
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Tantalum – Grade 1.
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Monel
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Monel 400, Monel k500
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MU-METAL
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MU-METAL
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Zirconium
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Zirconium 702, Zirconium 705, Zirconium 705, Zirconium-2, Zirconium-4
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Beryllium Copper
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Alloy 25 UNSC17200
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Aluminium
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1050,1100, 2017, 7150, 7178, 7575, 2050, 7085, 2011 A92011, 2014A A92014, 2024 A92024, 2219, 5052 A95052, 5083 A95083, 5754, 6061 A96061 A86061, 6063, 6082 A96082, 7071 7020, 7050 A97050, 7075 A97075 A87075, 7175
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Copper Alloys
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C 11000, C 10200, C 12200, C 51100, C 51000, C 51900, C 52000, C 52100, C 74500, C 75700, C 75400, C 76400, C 77000, C 21000, C 22000, C 23000, C 24000, C 26000, C 26800, C 27000, C 27200, C 28000
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aterial | Surface treatment | Useful design temperature limit, °F | Ultimate tensile strength at room temperature, ksi | Comments |
Carbon steel | Zinc plate | -65 to 250 | 55 and up | — |
Alloy steels | Cadmium plate, nickel plate, zinc plate, or chromium plate | -65 to limiting temperature of plating | Up to 300 | Some can be used at 900 °F |
A-286 stainless | Passivated per MIL-S-5002 | -423 to 1200 | Up to 220 | —
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17-4PH stainless | None | -300 to 600 | Up to 220 | — |
17-4PH stainless | Passivated | -200 to 600 | Up to 220 | — |
300 series stainless | Furnace oxidized | -200 to 600 | 70 to 140 | Oxidizing reduces galling |
410, 416, and 430 stainless | Passivated | -250 to 1200 | Up to 180 | 47 ksi at 1200 °F; will corrode slightly |
U-212 stainless | Cleaned and passivated per MIL-S-5002 | 1200 | 185 | 140 ksi at 1200 °F |
Inconel 718 stainless | Passivated per QQ-P-35 or cadmium plated | -423 to 900 or cadmium plate limit | Up to 220 | — |
Inconel X-750 stainless | None | -320 to 1200 | Up to 180 | 136 ksi at 1200 °F |
Waspalloy stainless | None | -423 to 1600 | 150 | — |
Titanium | None | -350 to 500 | Up to 160 | — |
Bolts can be made from many materials, but most bolts are made of carbon steel, alloy steel, or stainless steel. Stainless steels include both iron- and nickel-based chromium alloys. Titanium and aluminum bolts have limited usage, primarily in the aerospace industry.
Carbon steel is the cheapest and most common bolt material. Most hardware stores sell carbon steel bolts, which are usually zinc plated to resist corrosion. The typical ultimate strength of this bolt material is 55 ksi.
An alloy steel is a high-strength carbon steel that can be heat treated up to 300 ksi. However, it is not corrosion resistant and must therefore have some type of coating to protect it from corrosion. Aerospace alloy steel fasteners are usually cadmium plated for corrosion protection.
Bolts of stainless steel (CRES) are available in a variety of alloys with ultimate strengths from 70 to 220 ksi. The major advantage of using CRES is that it normally requires no protective coating and has a wider service temperature range than plain carbon or alloy steels.
A partial listing of bolt materials is given in table I. The following precautions are to be noted:
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